Pressure-packed pump



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April 10, 1928. 1,665,473

E. w. PATTERSON PRESSURE PACKED'PUMP Filed March 21, .|1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 7 TTOPMEK Patented Api. 1o, 192s.

UNITED STATES APATENT OFFICE.

EDGAR W. PATTERSON, OF LDS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

PRESSURE-PACKED EUMP.

Application led March. 21, 192?. Serial No. 177,000.v

quite efficient when applied to wellswhichv are less than four thousand feet in depth but operate rather unsatisfactorily when used in deeper wells. i A

It is an object of my invention to provide a pump which is quite eiiicient when used in any well and which may be eiiciently apf plied to thepumping of `very deep wells.

In the standard form of pump it is quite necessary that the plungerfit tightly in the barrel since the full pressure of the oil being lifted is exerted to. force liquid downward between the plunger and the barrel.

It is an ob]ect of my invention to provide pressure chambers which are so'situated as to act as a sealing means to prevent-leakage between the-piston and the barrel. By using such pressure chambers the initial fit between the plunger and the barrel need not be accurate and as the plunger and barrel wear the eiciency of the pump is not materially adected.

Since it is notnecessary for the various parts of the pump to be accurately iitted together, it is posslble to use drawn seamless tubing for many of the concentric members, and thus greatly reduce the initial cost, since the standard form of pump now in use consists of members which are ground to fit together with exceedingly small clearance.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be made evident hereinafter.

Referring to the drawing in which I illustrate my invention,

Fig. l is an elevation.

Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the upper end of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the lower end of the invention.

Fig. 4f is a diagrammatic section illustrating the invention in a single view but with the vertical distances or lengths greatly reduced.

Fig. 5`is a section takenon the line of Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a section taken on the line 6-6 of Flg. 2.

Fig. 7 is a section taken on the line 7-7 of Fig. 2.

Figs. 8, 9,I 10 and 11 are sections taken on the respective lines of Fig. 3.

Referring to Figli?, the numeral 11 represents a pressure :packed pump embodying ymy invention. This pump is placed at the lower end of a pump tubing 12 which extends to the surface of the ground throu h an oil string 13. The pump 'is operated y means of a string ofsucker rods 14. which extends through the pump tu ing 12 and has the upper end thereof .conne ted to a Walking beam 15 which is opera ed by the com- Amon pitman and crank mechanism indicated generally at 16. n

The pump 11 has a barrel 30. Secured to the lower end of the barrel 30 is a lower collar 31 having a conical seat 32 adapted to receive a standing valve unit 33. The

standing valve unit 33 is of standard form, having aconical seat 34 and a standing valve in the form of a ball 35 ,Connected tothe upper end of the barrel 30 is an upper collar 37, by means of which rthe barrel ma be secured to the lower end of the pump tu in 12. The collar 37 has an internal tapere seat 39 which is adapted, to receive a plug or closure 40. Secured to/the plug or closure 40 and extending downward 1nto the barrel 30 Ais a quill 42. f

The upper collar 37 is provided with a hole 29 which 'is drilled therethrough into the conical seat 39. When the plug 40 is seated in the seat 39 the hole 29 is closed, but

when the pump mechanism is lifted upward.

for the purpose of pulling the pump for repairs the plug 40 is also lifted, thus opening the hole 29 and allowing the contents of the tubing 12 to drain back into the well even though the standing valve 35 remains seated. It is highly desirable to so drain the tubing before it in turn is lifted from the well as otherwise the fluid carried by each joint 'is spilled upon the derrick door as the joint is unscrewed, this being commonly referred to as a wet job. By draining the tubing I not only prevent a wet job but it 1s also not necessary to lift the additional weight imposed by the oil in the tubing.

The plunger of the pump comprises a l plug 40 and through the quill 42.with considerablev clearance. therebetween; In a three or four inch pump the annular clear-A .l ance between the outside of the tube 43 and 'its up stro e. T

the inside of the quill 42 and plug .40 may be about one-sixteenth of 4an inch.` The upper end of the plunger tube 43 has a cage 46 secured thereto, this cage being located 'above the plug 40.v The cage 46 is provided with a pin 47, by means of which-theplung er may be attached to the string of sucker rods 14: The lower end of the cage 46 is provided with a shoulder 48 which, when the plunger is lowered beyond the lower end of its normal stroke, may engage an upper face of the plug 40 and be used to drive the plug 40 downward tightly into the seat 39. The lower end of the plunger ltube 43 has a working valve body 49 secured thereto which carries a seat 50 and a working valve in the form of a ball 51. Secured to the bod, 49 and extended upward therefrom in the ar- -rel 30 is a plunger sleeve 54. The plunger sleeve 54 lits rather loosely in the barrel 30,

there being about 20/1000 of an inch clearance. As shown best in Figs. 3. and 4, an annular space is provided around the plunger tube 43 below the lower end of4 the quill 42, and this space comprises the lower pressure chamber 55 of the pump. As illustrated in these figures, the upper end of the plunger ysleeve 54 is considerably above the ower endof the quill 42 when the plunger of the pump is at the lower end of its stroke, so that the quill 42 ts inside the plunger tube 54 even when the plunger is in its lowest position.

The quill 42 er sleeve 54, there being initially about onesixteenth of an inch or more ofclearance at this point. Surrounding the quill 42 above the upper end of the plunger sleeve 54 is an upper pressure chamber 56.l IIt will be'noted that the volumeof both the lower pressure chamber 55 and of the upper pressure chamber 56 is reduced on the up stroke and in? creased on the down vstroke of the pum For the purpose of preventing sand rom accumulating 1n the ottom of the lower pressure chamber 55, I provide one or more small holes 58 which are drilled in the plunger tube 43 into the central :fluid course 60 extending through the plunger tube 43.

The ,operation of the invention is substantiall as follows. ,i

With the parts in the position shown in the drawin the pllunger is ready to start on e working valve 51 closes at this time and the oil in the pump and in the pump tubing above the working valve is elevated. The standing valve at this time opens and oil is allowed' -to 'flow into the lower end'of the barrel between the plunger and the standing valve 35. l

fits loosely inside the plung At the beginning of the up stroke the oil in both the lower pressure chamber 55 and the upper pressure chamber 56 is at substantially the pressure of the oil in the central luid course `60.A This pressure is of course creased. This causes oil to be forced from' the upper pressure chamber 56 through the clearance between the quill 42 and the plunger sleeve 54 into the lower pressure chamber 55 and -ron the lower pressure chamber 55 upward through the clearance space between the plunger tube 43 and the quill 42 and through the holes 58. Since these clearances are small, some pressure is necessary to' cause a ow of oil therethrough and thepressure in the upper pressure chamber 56 is greater than the pressurel in the lower pressure chamber 55, which in turn is greater than thepressure in the central fluid course 60. Owing to this higher pressure oil flows from these pressure chambers backA into the central fluid course 60.

This condition holds even when the clearance between the plunger sleeve 54 and the barrel 30 increases to a considerable degree. It is of course obvious that as long as the pressure in the pressure chambers 55 and 56 is greater than the pressure in the central fluid course 60, no oil can flow from the central Huid course into these chambers and the pressure chambersV act as a seal to prevent leakage past the plunger.-

On the down stroke 'of the pump the volume of the pressure chambers 55 and 56 is increased and the pressure there'm falls beciently great to form a partial vacuum in the pressure.chambers 55 and 56. Onthe down stroke the standing valve 35 seats and thef workin valve 51 lifts, allowingoil to pass upwar through the central fluid course. 60. When it is desired to lift the plunger to the surface of the ground, this may be done without disturbing the barrel. The (plunger is moved upward until the upper en of the plungler sleeve 54 enga Vthelower end of the p ug 40, at which time the plug 40 will be removed from' the seat 39, t us clearing the holes 29 and `allowing the tubing to drain. The'upward movement of the plug 40 opens the 'upper end of the barrel 30 so that the. lunger and the plug and quill ma be lifte to theA surface of the roun When the plunger is to be installe again, the parts are lowered, the plu dropping into the seat 39. By lowering t e'plunger beyond the lower end of its norma stroke the plug may be forced tightly in its seat as previously mentioned.

leo

vt at this elliciecy is due to the pressure chambers 55 and 56.

I claim as my invention: p

1. In a reciprocating pump of the class described, the combination of: a barrel; a standing valve adapted to prevent a downward movement of fluid through an opening at the lower end of said barrel; a plunger fitting tightly in said barrel and forming a pressure-tight joinder therewith; a working valve adapted to prevent a downward movement of fluid through a :fluid course formed through said lunger; and walls forming a pressure cham er which decreases in volume on the up stroke of the pump, said. chamber being at all times in communication with the space above said working valve through an opening so constricted ,as to allow pressure in excess of the tubing pressure to be built up in said pressure chamber on the up stroke o the pump.

2. In a reciprocating pump ofthe class described, the combination of: a barrel; a standing valve adapted to prevent a downward movement of fluid through an opening at the lower end of said barrel; a plunger fitting tightly in said barrel and forming a pressure-tight joinder therewith; a working y valve adapted to prevent a downward movement of l'luid through a Huid course formed through said plunger; a plunger tube extending -upwardly from said lunger; and walls cooperating with said tu e to form a pressure chamber which decreases in volume on the up stroke of the pump, said chamber 4being at all times in commumcation with the space above said working valve through an opening so constricted as to allow ressure in excess of the tubing pressure to built up in said pressure chamber on the up stroke o Ithe pump.

3. In a reciprocating pump of the class described, the combination of: a barrel; a standing valve adapted to prevent a downward movement of fluid through an opening at the lower end of said barrel; a plunger itting tightly in said barrel and forming a pressure-tight joinder therewith; a working valve adapted to prevent a downward movement of fluid through a fluid course formed through said plunger; a plunger tube eX- tending upwardly from said plunger; and a quill secured in pressure-tight relationship with the barrel, extending downwardly inside/.said plunger into the fluid space therein and; cooperating with said tube to form a vpressure chamber which decreases in volume on the up stroke of the pump, said chamber being at all times in communication with the space above said working valve through an opening so constricted as to allow pressure in excess of the tubing pressure to be built up in said pressure chamber l,on the up stroke of the pump.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Los Angeles, California, this` 15th day of March, 1927.

. EDGAR W. PATTERSON. 

